Ch_16-IntegrativeSystems

1. True or False All Somatic motor neurons release Ach. A. True B. False

2.What is an example or a separate cell? A. Gustatory receptor cells B. Hair cells C. Photoreceptors D. All of the above

3.Out of the two preganglionic neurons which one is responsible for speeding up the heart-beat? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. hypothalmus D. craniosacral E. adrenergic receptors

4.__[BLANK]__ is the conscious or subconscious awareness of changes in the external or internal environment, while __[BLANK]__ is the conscious awareness and interpretation of sensations. A. Perception; Sensation B. Sensation; Perception C. Perception; Adaptation D. Adaptation; Perception

5.For a sensation to arise, certain events typically occur. Which of the following is not an event that occurs for sensation to arise? A. Stimulation B. Transduction C. Generation of impulses D. Integration E. All are correct

6.When you touch a hot stove, which of the following receptors detect the stimuli? A. Thermoreceptors B. Nocicptors C. Photoreceptors D. Both A & B

7.__[BLANK]__provides specific information: location, shape, size, and texture of the source of stimulation. A. Discriminative touch B. Crude touch C. Rapidly adapting receptors D. Slowly adapting receptors

8. In this stage of sleep, the person may experience dream fragments and eyes may roll side to side. A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 D. Stage 4

9) Ruffini corpuscles ot type II cutaneous mechanoreceptor are elongated ,encapsulated receptor located deep in the hypodermis, and in ligaments and tendons. They are most sensitive to stretching that occurs as digits or limbs are moved. A.TRUE B.FALSE

10)My brother had a painful surgery, the doctor gave him Novocaine, and my brother half stoned said " wow, i feel the pain...but I just don't care!...I love this drug". A. TRUE B. FALSE

11) the perception of fast pain occurs very rapidly because the nerve impulse propagates along medium-diameter,myelinated B fibers. A.TRUE B.FALSE

12) Only during REM sleep the brain metabolism decreases significantly. A.TRUE B.FALSE

13) Kinins are chemicals associated with local inflammatory response; they are potent vasodilator(s). A.TRUE B.FALSE

14). Ashley's mother always warned her about walking outside with bare feet, but Ashley never listened. Until, one afternoon she stepped on a small piece of glass, cut her foot, and cried for half an hour. Which type of pain did she most likely not have? A. fast pain B. referred pain C. superficial somatic pain D. pain that starts within 0.1 seconds E. acute pain

20. What is the name of the 24 hour sleep/wake cycle and which part of the hypothalamus governs this internal clock?
A. social rhythm, dorsomedial nucleus B. social rhythm, suprachiasmatic nucleus C. circadian rhythm, supraoptic nucleus D. circadian rhythm, suprachiasmatic nucleus E. circadian rhythm, dorsomedial nucleus

21. April is a wonderful artist, one of the best working in the French Quarter. She credits her success to a neurological condition in which she perceives color from sound. Voice, music, and assorted environmental sounds, such as cans clattering or horses trotting, trigger color and simple shapes. She incorporates elements of what she sees into her creations. Which condition does she have? A. Hypokinesia B. Bradykinesia C. Schizophrenia D. Myasthenia E. Synesthesia

22. Memory consolidation is an essential part of long-term memory. It is the process of making memories accessible, kind of like creating a map to the brain so memories can be retrieved when they are needed. Without memory consolidation, everything stored in long-term memory would eventually be forgotten. As it is, a person is only estimated to store _ __of all the information that comes into our consciousness as long-term memory.__ __A. 0.1%__ __B. 1%__ __C. 0.5%__ __D. 5%__ __E. 10%__

__23. All of the following correspond with the lateral corticospinal tract except....__ __A. 10% of upper motor neurons (UMNs) do not decussate, they enter the contralateral side of the__ __spinal cord to form this tract__ __B. conveys nerve impulses from the motor cortex to skeletal muscles on the opposite side of the__ __body for precise, voluntary movements of the distal parts of the limbs__ __C. axons of UMNs descend from the precentral gyrus of the cortex into the medulla__ __D. 90% of UMNs cross over to the opposite side of the brain__ __E. these UMNs provide input to lower motor neurons, which innervate skeletal muscles__

__24. Each different type of sensation is a sensory modality; usually a sensory neuron serves two modality.__ __A. true__ __B false__

__25.Adaptation is an increase in sensitivity during a long lasting stimulus.__ __A. true__ __B false__

__26. Receptors for vibration are Meissner and pacinian corpuscles.__ __A. true__ __B. false__

__27. Non-rapid eye movement consist of three stages.__ __A. true__ __B. false__

__28. Most dreaming occurs during rapid eye movement sleep.__ __A. true__ __B. false__

__29. When a person is blind their other special sense become more sensitive to a person's surrounding.__ __A. True__ __B. False__

__30. The Basal ganglia contains neurons that help initiate and terminate movements; can suppress unwanted movements; influence muscle tone.__

__A. True__ __B. False__

__31. The thermoreceptors are receptors that detect light near the body.__

__A. True__ __B. False__

__32. Cold receptors detect high temperature and located in the dermis.__

__A. True__ __B. False__

__33. Which of the following is an aspect of the cerebellar function.__

__A. Monitoring actual movement__ __B. Sending out corrective signals__ __C. Monitoring movement intention__ __D. Comparing intent with actual preformance__ __E. All of the above__

__ 34. Morphine is a powerful analgesic. It is used to provide relief for cancer patients and has been used extensively by medics dealing with battlefield injuries. Through what mechanism does morphine work? __ __ A) By blocking the formation of prostaglandins that stimulate nociceptors __ __ B) By blocking the conduction of nerve impulses through pain neurons __ __ C) By altering the quality of pain perception in the brain __ __ D) By blocking kinesthetic perception __ __ E) By blocking proprioceptive sensations __

__ 35. Which of the following disorders of the basal ganglia involves dysfunction of behavioral neural circuits between the basal ganglia and the limbic system causing an individual to experience repetitive thoughts that cause repetitive behaviors that they feel obligated to perform? __ __ A) Schizophrenia __ __ B) Tourette syndrome __ __ C) Huntington disease __ __ D) Obsessive-compulsive disorder __ __ E) Parkinson disease __

__ 36. During a sleep study, John has an EEG reading similar to a person who is awake, decreased muscle tone, and a penile erection. John is in what phase of sleep? __ __ A) REM __ __ B) NREM, stage 1 __ __ C) NREM, stage 2 __ __ D) NREM, stage 3 __ __ E) NREM, stage 4 __

__ 37. Mary Ann has just walked into her mother’s kitchen and is __ __ unaware that her mother has just turned off the stove. She inadvertently __ __ touches a burner that is 125 degrees Fahrenheit. What receptors will be __ __ stimulated? __ __ A) Thermal cold receptors __ __ B) Thermal warm receptors __ __ C) Thermal hot receptors __ __ D) Nociceptors __ __ E) Ruffini corpuscles __

__ 38. A classic symptom of a heart attack is pain along the left __ __ arm. This is because the heart and left arm are served by the same __ __ segments of the spinal cord, T1 to T5. What is pain of this type called? __ __ A) Fast pain __ __ B) Slow pain __ __ C) Referred pain __ __ D) Superficial somatic pain __ __ E) Deep somatic pain __

__39.___ __is a fine touch, provides spcific information; location, shape, size, and texture of the source of stimulation.__ __A. crude touch__ __B. discrimitive touch__ __C. merkel discs__ __D. free nerve endings__ __E. encapsulaled nerve endings__

__40. In the non-rapid eye movement sleep, there are four stages, choose the ones that are in correct order.__ __A. insomnia, light sleep, arousal, consciousness__ __B. integration, insomnia, kinesthesia, sleep, NREM, REM__ __C. transtion stage, "light sleep:, moderately deep sleep, deep sleep__ __D. "light sleep", insomnia, deep sleep__ __E. "light sleep", transtion stage, moderately deep sleep, deep sleep__

__41. What is the temporary stopping of breathing for a brief time while sleeping; this happens often and also results in excesssive daytime sleepiness and compromised quality of life?__ __A. sleep apnea__ __B. Insomnia__ __C. nacrolepsy__ __D. REM sleep__ __E. deep sleep__

__42. As many of us REM sleep happens to all ages, however some more then others. Which age group is affected more with REM then any other age?__ __A. infants__ __B. 2 year olds__ __C. adults__ __D. infants and 2 year olds__ __E. all ages are affected the same amount__

__43. What is the consciuos or unconscious awareness of internal and external stimuli?__ __A. perception__ __B. general senses__ __C. special senses__ __D. sensation__ __E. sensory modality__

__44. What are the simple, bare dendrites such as pain, tempertaure, tickle, itch, and light touch?__ __A. free nerve endings__ __B. thermoreceptors__ __C. nociceptors__ __D. photoreceptors__ __E. tactile sensations__

__45. By law, smoke detectors are required to be in all sleeping areas. If there was a fire in a sleeping family's home and the smoke alarm was not working, what would be the most probable outcome and how is this physiologically possible?__ __ A.) Everyone would most likely smell the smoke in their sleep, wake up and hopefully make it out safe. This is possible because of the reticular activating system (RAS) which controls our sleep and wakefulness __ __ B.) Everyone would most likely die of smoke inhalation because the RAS receives no input from olfactory receptors. __ __ C.) It depends on what stage of sleep they were in. If they're in stage 4 of sleep, the brain is less aware of internal/external stimuli so they would most likely die of smoke inhalation __ __ D.) Everyone would mostly likely wake up because the RAS would be stimulated by the pain of inhaling smoke. __

__46. Sara is a 40 year old mother of two who recently started suffering from insomnia. She goes on with her everyday life attributing her lack of sleep to stress. Weeks go by, still no sleep at all, and now she's hallucinating and has dementia. What is this sleep disorder and and what does this mean for both Sara and her kids?__ __ A.) Sleep apnea; Sara could stop breathing in her sleep if she doesn't go to the doctor. Her kids will be fine, sleep apnea is not hereditary. __ __ B.) Insomnia; Sara's difficulty to fall asleep will pass and the disorder is not hereditary so her kids should not be concerned. __ __ C.) Fatal familial insomnia; Sara will soon become mute and death will shortly follow. Because this is an autosomal dominate hereditary disorder, her kids have a 50% chance of inheriting it. __ __ D.) Fatal familial insomnia; Sara will become a mute and death will shortly follow. This disorder is not hereditary so her kids have no cause for concern. __

__47.Alex and Brandon live in a less than perfect neighbor hood. So for a little added security, they decided to train their dogs to be guard dogs. Alex bought a dog training whistle but was curious how it could possibly work if he couldn't hear anything when he blew in it. Explain how the whistle works and whether this is an example of sensation or perception.__ __ A.) The dog trainer whistle uses ultra high frequency sound waves. Dogs have specific sensory receptors that we humans don't that can detect these high pitches. This is an example of sensation. __ __ B.) Dog trainer whistles use ultra high frequency sound waves. Dogs have specific somatic receptors that humans don't that can detect these high pitches. This is an example of perception. __ __ C.) Dog trainer whistles use high frequency sound waves stimulating specific nociceptors in dogs that humans do not have. This is an example of perception __ __ D.) Dog trainer whistles use ultra low frequency sound waves that stimulate specific sensory receptors that humans don't have. This is an example of sensation. __

__ 48. Jory has been studying in the library from 8am til 3pm. By the time he got home, he felt more tired from studying than he usually does after working out. Explain why he felt this way and how drinking a coke could wake him up. __ __ A.) There is more brain activity involved in studying than working out. As brain activity increases, so does the level of adenosine (an RAS inhibitory neurotransmitter promoting sleep). Because caffeine is an agonist of adenosine, it will wake him up. __ __ B.) There is more brain activity involved in studying than working out. Levels of adenosine increase with brain activity inhibiting the RAS. Caffeine will wake him up because it is an adenosine antagonist. __ __ C.) There is more brain activity involved in studying than working out. Adenosine levels decreases with brain activity exciting the RAS. Caffeine will wake him up because it's an adenosine antagonist. __ __ D.) None of the above __

__ 49.Ashley and Amy are twin sisters. After they got off of work, they both took 20 min power naps. Ashley feel into stage 4 of NREM, while Amy stayed in only stage 1 of NREM. Who woke up feeling more refreshed and why. __ __ A.) Ashley; because stage 1 of NREM is the transition stage when you are barely asleep __ __ B.) Ashley; because stage 4 of NREM is light sleep where your brain gets the most rest __ __ C.) Ashley; because stage 4 of NREM is deep sleep where your brain gets the most rest __ __ D.) both A and C are correct __

__ 50. What is a sexually transmitted disease that cause loss of somatic sensations and degeneration of the posterior portions of the spinal cord?__ __A. AIDS__ __B. Syphilis__ __C. Herpes__ __D. HPV__

__51. What provides input to lower motor neurons via axons that extend directly from the cerebral cortex?__ __A. direct motor pathway__ __B. indirect motor pathway__ __C. lateral corticospinal tract__ __D. premotor area__

__52. Narcolepsy is a sleeping disorder in which a person has trouble falling asleep?__ __A. True__ __B. False__

__53. Nerve impulses for which senses from the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head ascend to the cerebral cortex along the anterolateral pathway?__ __A. pain, temperature, itch, and tickle__ __B. pressure & vibration__ __C. proprioception, vibration, and light touch__ __D. only hot temperature, light touch, and pressure__

__54. What is the result from rapidly repetitive sensory signals from tactile receptors?__ __A. Pain__ __B. Touch__ __C. Vibration__ __D. Itch__

__55. T/F. For a sensation to arise, the following events must occur.__ __1. Stimulation of the sensory receptor__ __2. Transduction of the stimulus__ __3. Generation of nerve impulses__ __4. Integration of sensory input__

__56. Which is not a function of the Cerebellar ?__ __A. Monitors intentions for movement__ __B. Monitors actual movement__ __C. Monitors heart rate and blood pressure__ __D. Compares the command signals with sensory information__

__57. My grandmother is always taking what she considers to be a "cat nap". When asked was she asleep she replies, no. What stage of NREM would she considered listed under?__ __A. Stage 1__ __B. Stage 2__ __C. Stage 3__ __D. Stage 4__

__58. While playing baseball, Ms Brock was struck on the side of her temporal lobe and went unconscious. When awaken, she couldn't remember that she gave the class 50 extra bonus points on the exam. She mostly likely had?__ __A. Coma__ __B. Insomnia__ __C. Amnesia__ __D. Retrograde Amnesia__

__59. Throughout the day, LaShanna would take a 10-15 minute without even knowing. Whatever she was engaged in doing,she would stop and fall asleep. It got so bad that she could drive her car or stay awake in Ms. Brock A&P class. She most likely has?__ __A. Sleep apnea__ __B. Insomnia__ __C. Narcolepsy__ __D. A&P Phobia__

__ 60.Pacinian (lamellated ) corpuscles have a rapid adaptation rate. __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __

__ 61.Elongated capsule that surrounds dendrites deep in the dermis and in ligaments and tendons. __ __ A. Meissner corpuscles __ __ B. Merkel discs __ __ C. Ruffini corpuscles __ __ D. Pacian corpuscles __

__ 62.Nerve impulses for fast pain propagate along unmyelinated A fibers whereas those for slow pain conducts along myelinated C fibers. __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __

__ 63.Cold receptors are located in the __


 * 1) Stratum lucidum
 * 2) Stratum basale
 * 3) Stratum corneum
 * 4) Stratum granulosum

__ 64.A patient with a history of a right below the knee amputation tells his nurse that his right leg hurts. What would the nurse most likely do? __


 * 1) This wouldn’t happen because the patient’s leg is amputated.
 * 2) Send the patient in for psych evaluation
 * 3) Explain to the patient about phantom limb sensation and provide appropriate treatment.
 * 4) Tell the patient that you are sorry he no longer has his right leg and he is making these statements up.

__65. What are the two sensory modalities?__ __(A) General Senses__ __(B) Special Senses__ __(C) None of the above__ __(D) All the above__

__66. How many types of stimulus does the selectivity sensory receptors respond to?__ __(A) one__ __(B) three__ __(C) two__ __(D) ten__

__67. T/F. Generator potential does not occur when dendrites are directly stimulated.__

__68. How many stages are in sleep?__ __(A) 1__ __(B) 2__ __(C) 3__ __(D) 4__

__69. T/F. In REM sleep the eye moves rapidly back and forth under closed eyelids.__

__70. What condition does the man in the illustration most likely suffer from?__ __a. insomnia__ __b. narcolepsy__ __ c. hunger __ __ d. laziness __

__71. Nociceptors are pain detectors which are found all over the body, except in the__ __?__

__a. heart__ __b. ears__ __c. lungs__ __d. brain__

__72. What is the name of the blue encapsulated nerve ending in the picture below picture?__ __ a. pacinian corpuscle __ __ b. mesisner corpuscle __ __ c. ruffini corpuscle __ __ d. nociceptor __

__73.__ _ __is a condition in which sensations of two or more modalities accompany one another. In many cases, the stimulus from one sensation is perceived as another (i.e. sound produces the sensation of color).__ __a. synesthesia__ __b. bradykinesia__ __c. hypokinesia__ __d. cytokinesia__

__74. The two major tracts in the spinal cord that provide the major routes that proprioceptive impulses take to reach the cerebellum are:__ __A. Superior and inferior spinocerebellar tracts__ __B. Posterior and anterior spinocerebellar tracts__ __C. Pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic spinal tracts__ __D. Pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic cerebellar tracts__

__75. If the bacterial infection of Syphilis is not treated, debilitating neurological symptoms usually arise. These include the loss of somatic sensation where an individual's gait becomes uncoordinated and jerky because proprioceptive impulses fail to reach the:__ __A. Cerebrum__ __B. Cerebellum__ __C. Medulla Oblangata__ __D. Midbrain__

__76. During periods of high ATP use by the nervous system, Adenosine accumulates, binds to A1 receptors, and inhibits certain neurons of the Reticular Activating System (RAS). Caffeine also binds to these same A1 receptors and is effective in preventing sleepiness because:__ __A. Caffeine mimics Adenosine's arousal enhancing qualities.__ __B. Caffeine prevents Adenosine from binding to these same receptors to induce sleep.__ __C. The RAS is responsible for arousal from sleep and caffeine increases its effectiveness.__ __D. A and C__

__77. Following stimulation of the sensory receptor, choose the correct order in which the following events occur:__ __A. Transduction of the stimulus, integration of sensory input, generation of nerve impulse__ __B. Integration of sensory input, transduction of the stimulus, generation of nerve impulse__ __C. Transduction of the stimulus, generation of nerve impulse, integration of sensory input__ __D. Integration of sensory input, generation of nerve impulse, transduction of the stimulus__

__78. A__ _ potential triggers the release of neurotransmitters through exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, produces a (PSP) in the first-order neuron, which may trigger one or more nerve impulses which propagate into the CNS. This type of potential occur in _ __.__ __A. Generator; inner ear, gustatory receptor cells, photoreceptors__ __B. Receptor; dendrites of free nerve endings, encapsulated nerve endings, and the receptive part of olfactory receptors__ __C. Generator; dendrites of free nerve endings, encapsulated nerve endings, and the receptive part of olfactory receptors__ __D. Receptor; inner ear, gustatory receptor cells, photoreceptors__

__ 79. The certain type of receptor that senses noxious, tissue-damaging conditions is? __ __ a. Pressure __ __ b. Vibration __ __ c. Nociceptors __ __ d. Tickle __ __ e. None of the above __

__ 80. When I picked up the gold from the safe, it seem lighter than it should be. The wight discrimination that I felt was due to which type of receptors? __ __ a. Thremoreceptors __ __ b. Photoreceptors __ __ c. Chemoreceptors __ __ d. Proprioceptors __ __ e. All of the Above __

__ 81. When my brother returned from Iraq fro the Christmas holidays, he said he was jet lagged. What really happened was that his Supprachiasmatic nucleus of his hypothalamus was unable to reset his? __

__ a. reticular activating system __ __ b. circadian rhythm __ __ c. REM sleep __ __ d. consciousness __ __ e. None of the Above __

__ 82. The doctor that operated on my friend’s nasal reconstruction had pricise and highly skilled hands. This was because of his? __

__ a. Anterior corticospinal tract __ __ b. Lateral corticospinal tract __ __ c. Corticobullar tract __ __ d. A and B __ __ e. None of the Above __

__ 83. In the sitcom “MONK”, Monk plays a detective that suffers from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). His disorder is caused by the disorder of his? __

__ a. basal ganglia __ __ b. cerebellum __ __ c. Frontal Lobe __ __ d. Occipital Lobe __ __ e. None of the Above __

__84. Tourette syndrome is a disorder of the basal ganglia that is characterized by involuntary body movements and the use of inappropriate or unnecessary sounds or words. __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __

__ 85. Normal sleep consists of speedy eye movement (SEM) and rapid eye movement (REM). __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __ __ 86. The process of sensation includes: __ __ A. Stimulation __ __ B. Integration __ __ C. Hyperpolarization __ __ D. A & B Only __ __ E. All of the above __ __ 87. Nociceptors are present in almost every tissue of the body. __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __ __ 88. Pacinian corpuscles are chemoreceptors that detect chemicals in the mouth. __ __ A. True __ __ B. False __

__ 89. Which is considered a General Sense ? __ __ a. Hearing __ __ b. Touch __ __ c. Smell __ __ d. Vision __

__ 90. All structural classifications of sensory receptors exist except _____. a. Encapsulated Separate cells b. Free Nerve Endings c. Separate Sensory Cells d. Encapsulated Nerve Endings

91. If you were to bake your favorite chocolate chip cookies, which type of receptor would your body use to detect your favorite smell? a. Nociceptor b. Photoreceptor c. Chemoreceptor d. Mechanoreceptor

92. Which produces a receptor potential? a. Free nerve endings b. Olfactory receptors c. Encapsulated Nerve ending d. Gustatory receptor

93. If you were to stub your big toe on the bathroom door, which type of nerve fiber will your body utilize to conduct this slow throbbing pain? a. Type A Nerve Fibers b. Type C Nerve Fibers c. Both A & C Nerve Fibers d. None of the above

94, True or false: The special senses of vision, taste, hearing, and equilibrium are served by separate sensory cells. 95. True or false: The kidneys have the broadest area for referred pain. 96. True or false: The lateral corticospinal tract conducts impulses that result in contraction of the muscles in the distal parts of the limbs. 97. The left trigeminal(V) nerve conveys nerve impulses for most somatic sensations from the left of the face into the pons. 98.The anterior and posterior spinocerebellar tracts carry information from the proprioceptors in joint an muscles to the cerebellum.

99. Which of the following respond to joint pressure? A. Nociceptors B. Free nerve endings C. Ruffini’s corpuscle D. B and C E. All of the above 100. True/ False Second order neurons conduct impulses from the brain stem and spinal cord to the thalamus. 101. The trigeminothalamic pathway conveys nerve impulses for which of the following? A. Face B. Nasal cavity C. Oral cavity D. All of the above 102. True/ False Upper motor neurons provide output from the CNS to skeletal muscle fibers. 103. Corticospinal axons that decussate in the medulla form what in the lateral white column of the spinal cord? A. Anterior corticospinal tract B. Lateral corticospinal tract C. Both of the above D. None of the above

104. Pain is a sensation that can range from mild discomfort to an unbearable and excruciating experience, with emotional response to that sensation. Pain is a   personal experience and unique to each individual. What receptors sense this sensation? a. Mechanoreceptors ** b. **** Nociceptors ** c. Thermoreceptor d. Photoreceptors 105. Many factors can affect blood pressure, including: how much water and salt you have in your body, the condition of your kidneys, nervous system, or blood vessels, and the levels of different body hormones. What receptors sense this change? a. Exteroceptors ** b. **** Interoceptors ** c. Proprioceptors d. A and B

a. Pacinian corpuscles ** b. **** Leukocyte ** c. Meissners corpuscles d. Mechanoreceptors 107. As Ashley got her pedicure, she enjoyed the relaxation of her massaging chair. It not only sent pressure to her neck and back, but also vibrated on her bottom. What receptors are involved with both actions? a. Merkel discs ** b. **** Pacinian corpuscle ** c. Ruffini’s corpuscle d. Free nerve endings 108. As Justin ran down the football field, almost at the goal line, another player went head first into his knee. The pain was instantly crippling. What kind of pain is Justin feeling? <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Chronic <span style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">** b. **** Acute ** <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. Referred <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. Visceral

106. Tactile sensations feel touch,pressure, and vibration. Which receptor isn’t involved in this sensation? <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 130%; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Pacinian corpuscles <span style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">** b. **** Leukocyte ** <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. Meissners corpuscles <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. Mechanoreceptors 107. As Ashley got her pedicure, she enjoyed the relaxation of her massaging chair. It not only sent pressure to her neck and back, but also vibrated on her bottom. What receptors are involved with both actions? <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Merkel discs <span style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">** b. **** Pacinian corpuscle ** <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. Ruffini’s corpuscle <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. Free nerve endings 108. As Justin ran down the football field, almost at the goal line, another player went head first into his knee. The pain was instantly crippling. What kind of pain is Justin feeling? <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Chronic <span style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">** b. **** Acute ** <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. Referred <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. Visceral

109. What type of sensory receptor structural classification is being shown in the picture?

A. Free Nerve Ending (Very Sensitive) B. Encapsulated Nerve Ending C. Separate Sensory Cell D. Nociceptor

110. What would be the adaptation rate in humans for the picture below?

A. Rapid B.Slow C. NO ADAPTATION

111. For Thanksgiving the family gets together and cooks their favorite dish. While the family members walk into my house I smell the different foods. As everyone arrives, I can not wait to dig in! My favorite part of the holidays, I get to taste all the different tasting foods. What stimuli is being detected for taste and smell?

a. Photoreceptors b. Chemoreceptors c. Nociceptors d. Thermoreceptors

112. John’s parents have to worry about him when it’s bedtime, because John sleep walks in the middle of the night. He would try to open the door to go outside while he is still asleep. What stage of sleep is John encountering when he walks in his sleep?

a. Stage 4, deep sleep b. REM sleep c. Stage 2, light sleep d. Stage 3, moderately deep sleep

113. Jackie is in her early stages of pregnancy. Today is the day for her first ultrasound. She does not understand ultrasounds, so she asked the doctor to explain the ultrasound. He told her about the first portion of the ear to develop. What portion on the ear has developed first?

a. the Pinna b. the inner ear c. the ossicles d. the outer ear

114. Amber’s apocrine glands have been in contact to bacteria and Amber forgot to but on deoderant this morning. Her classmates smell her odor, but Amber can not smell it. Her olfactory nerve is not damaged, so what is the reason Amber can not smell her odor?

a. She does not hear her classmates talking about her. b. both c and d. c. olfactory nerve is damaged. d. adaptation to sensory receptors

115. My grandmother always asks me to read the newspaper to her in the morning. When she first started asking me to read the newspaper, I thought to myself “she is being lazy.” Then I read on the internet about vision for school, and after reading an article I realized my grandmother has a vision problem from age. What is her vision problem?

a. myopia b. presbyopia c. lazy d. phobia

116. What Stage of Sleep is this person/cartoon currently in, in the picture below?

A. Stage 1- Transition Sleep B. Stage 2- First stage of sleep “light sleep” C. Stage 3- Moderately deep sleep D. Stage 4-Deep sleep E. REM Sleep

117. What type of pain is being displayed in the picture and what type of fiber is associated with this pain?

A. Acute-Smaller C nerve fibers B. Acute-Larger A nerve fibers C. Chronic- Smaller C nerve fibers D. Chronic- Larger A nerve fibers E. None of the above

118.What percentage of this two-year-old’s sleep is REM sleep?

A. 15% B. 25% C. 35% D. 50% E. 55%

Answers 1.A 2.D  3.A  4. B  5. E 6. D 7. A 8. B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. E 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. E 34 C 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C 41.A 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. D 50.B 51.A 52.B 53.A 54.C 55. TRUE 56. C 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. A 61. C 62. B 63. B 64. C 65. D 66. A 67. F 68. D 69. T 70. B 71. D 72. B 73. A 74. B 75. B 76. B 77. C 78. D 79. C 80. D 81. B 82. B 83. A 84. A 85. B 86. D 87. A 88. B 89. B 90. A 91. C 92. D 93. B 94.T 95.T 96.T 97.T 98.T 99. D 100. T 101. D 102. F 103. B 104. B 105. B 106. B 107. B 108. B 109.B 110.A 111. B 112. A 113. B 114. D 115. B 116.D 117.C 118.C